Majak W, Udenberg T, Clark L J, McLean A
Can Vet J. 1980 Mar;21(3):74-6.
Saskatoon serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) twigs were administered to cattle in feed rations and by intraruminal dosing to determine the toxicity of the cyanogenic shrub. When chopped twigs were fed as 75% of the diet, cattle exhibited restlessness, shivering, loss of weight, scours and shortness of breath. Low level dosing experiments indicated a rapid turnover of hydrogen cyanide in the rumen. When potential doses were increased to 5 mg hydrogen cyanide/kg (body weight) progressive stages of poisoning developed rapidly, rumen hydrogen cyanide levels were elevated for at least three hours and the increase in heart rate correlated with the rise in blood hydrogen cyanide concentration.
将萨斯卡通花楸（Alnifolia花楸）嫩枝添加到牛的饲料日粮中，并通过瘤胃内给药，以确定这种含氰灌木的毒性。当将切碎的嫩枝作为日粮的75%喂食时，牛出现烦躁不安、颤抖、体重减轻、腹泻和呼吸急促的症状。低剂量给药实验表明瘤胃中氰化氢的周转很快。当潜在剂量增加到5毫克氰化氢/千克（体重）时，中毒的进展阶段迅速出现，瘤胃中氰化氢水平至少升高了三个小时，心率的增加与血液中氰化氢浓度的升高相关。
