[Mechanisms of regulation of intracellular distribution of Ca2+ in adipose tissue].

The kinetics of influx and efflux of 45Ca and its accumulation by the subcellular membranes of adipose tissue have been studied. The initial rate of Ca2+ efflux does not depend on the intracellular concentration of Na+ and K+. The rate of exchange between intracellular 45Ca and 40Ca of the incubation medium is independent on concentration of Na+ and K+ in the incubation mixture. This suggests the absence of Na,Ca-transmembrane exchange in the adipocytes. The changes in the ratio of intracellular concentration of Na+ and K+ by the factors inhibiting the activity ofNa,K-ATPase cause redistribution of Ca in the intracellular pools of the adipocytes. The lypolytic agents (adrenalin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, caffeine) but not dibutytyl-3' : 5'-AMP, accelerate Ca2+ efflux from the adipocytes. At physiological concentrations of ATP, succinate and Pi the highest Ca-accumulating activity is observed in adipose tissue mitochondria. The highest initial rate of Ca uptake, as in the case of contractile tissues, is detected in the endoplasmic reticulum membranes. In contrast to the plasma membranes and reticulum, in which the Ca-accumulating capacity is independent of ATP concentration up to 0.5 mM, the Ca-accumulating capacity of mitochondria decreases 8--9-fold with a reduction in ATP concentration from 4 down to 1 mM. The physiological significance of this phenomenon in the action mechanism of lipolytic agents, which reduce the ATP content in the adipocytes, is discussed.