Rizzuto N, De Grandis D, Di Trapani G, Pasinato E
Eur Neurol. 1980;19(5):308-15. doi: 10.1159/000115166.
The epidemiological, clinical, electrophysiological and nerve biopsy findings of 3 cases of n-hexane neuropathy in shoe industry are reported. The disease affects more than 1 person working in the same environment, regardless of their specific role, and occurs in factories where standards of hygiene are low. In the most severe cases the picture of peripheral neuropathy is associated with symptoms suggesting a concurrent involvement of the central nervous system such as dysarthria, disproportionate ataxia of the gait, blurred vision, and sometimes, after the recovery of the peripheral neuropathy, appearance of leg spasticity. Light- and electron microscopic study of peripheral nerve biopsies shows that the toxic produces a primary axonopathy characterized by segmental swellings of the fibers, due to accumulation of filaments. Retraction of the myelin from the node and segmental demyelination are secondary to the axonal changes. Experimental models of hexacarbon neurotoxicity may offer an explanation for the anatomical substrate underlying the symptoms related to the involvement of the central nervous system.
报告了3例制鞋行业正己烷中毒性神经病的流行病学、临床、电生理及神经活检结果。该病影响在同一环境中工作的不止一人，无论其具体工种如何，且发生在卫生标准较低的工厂。在最严重的病例中，周围神经病的表现伴有提示中枢神经系统同时受累的症状，如构音障碍、步态共济失调不成比例、视力模糊，有时在周围神经病恢复后出现腿部痉挛。周围神经活检的光镜和电镜研究表明，该毒物导致原发性轴索性神经病，其特征为纤维节段性肿胀，系细丝积聚所致。髓鞘从结处回缩及节段性脱髓鞘是轴突改变的继发表现。六碳化合物神经毒性的实验模型可能为与中枢神经系统受累相关症状的解剖学基础提供解释。
