Behi F, Chang S, Welch T
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1978 Feb;75(2):313-6.
Progression of intermittent partial or total impaction of the poppet from a prosthetic mitral valve may be difficult to evaluate in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and atrial fibrillation. Heart sounds may be distant; opening and closing clicks of the poppet are muffled and irregular. Echocardiography provides a noninvasive method to detect early prosthetic malfunction at a time when the patient is clinically asymptomatic.
对于患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病和心房颤动的患者，人工二尖瓣瓣叶间歇性部分或完全卡瓣的进展可能难以评估。心音可能遥远；瓣叶的开闭喀喇音减弱且不规则。超声心动图提供了一种在患者临床无症状时检测人工瓣膜早期功能障碍的非侵入性方法。
