Havemann U, Winkler M, Kuschinsky K
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1980 Aug;313(2):139-44. doi: 10.1007/BF00498570.
Systemic administrations of opioids are known to induce "catatonia" or "lead pipe rigidity" in rats. The relevance of the caudate nucleus in inducing rigidity was tested. For this purpose, several opioids (or saline) were injected into the head of the caudate nucleus ("intrastriatal" injection) through an implanted cannula, and the electromyographical activity (EMG) was recorded in the gastrocnemius-soleus muscle (GS). Morphine (7.5-3.0 microgram), injected unilaterally, induced a continuous EMG activity in the ipsilateral GS muscle. This effect could be antagonized by systemic administration of naloxone (1 or 2 mg/kg i.p.). D-ala2-met5-enkephalinamide (3 microgram) and levorphanol (22.5 microgram) induced an EMG activity, too, whereas an equimolar dose of dextrorphan was ineffective, indicating that this effect was stereospecific and mediated via opioid receptors in the caudate nucleus. The EMG activity observed after systemic morphine administration (15 mg/kg i.p.) was antagonized by intrastriatal injection of naloxone (5 microgram). From our results, it can be concluded that the striatum--at least the head of the caudate nucleus--plays an important role in mediating the rigidity observed after systemic administration of morphine and other opioids.
已知阿片类药物的全身给药会在大鼠中诱发“紧张症”或“铅管样强直”。对尾状核在诱发强直中的相关性进行了测试。为此，通过植入的套管将几种阿片类药物（或生理盐水）注入尾状核头部（“纹状体内”注射），并记录腓肠肌-比目鱼肌（GS）中的肌电图活动（EMG）。单侧注射吗啡（7.5 - 3.0微克）会在同侧GS肌肉中诱发持续的EMG活动。这种效应可被全身给予纳洛酮（1或2毫克/千克腹腔注射）拮抗。D - ala2 - met5 - 脑啡肽酰胺（3微克）和左啡诺（22.5微克）也会诱发EMG活动，而等摩尔剂量的右啡烷无效，表明这种效应具有立体特异性且通过尾状核中的阿片受体介导。全身注射吗啡（15毫克/千克腹腔注射）后观察到的EMG活动可被纹状体内注射纳洛酮（5微克）拮抗。从我们的结果可以得出结论，纹状体——至少是尾状核头部——在介导全身给予吗啡和其他阿片类药物后观察到的强直中起重要作用。
