Computed tomography/guided stereotactic surgery: conception and development of a new stereotactic methodology.

Computed tomography (CT) has become the first modality to provide the patient's self-brain map for stereotactic neurosurgery. This paper describes our development of a nearly artifact-free stereotactic frame designed for CT imaging. The surgical procedure is performed within the CT scanner itself. The scanner's computer, via a new software program, spatially integrates the new stereotactic frame with the CT images of the patient and with the scanner gantry to provide rapid coordinate determinations, calculate potential probe trajectories, obtain target accuracy within 1 mm, and observe for any procedural complications. Our initial clinical experience with this system is described.