β-内啡肽和吗啡对布拉特洛维大鼠的抗利尿作用：慢性吗啡治疗后耐受性和身体依赖性的发展
Antidiuretic effect of beta-endorphin and morphine in Brattleboro rats: development of tolerance and physical dependence after chronic morphine treatment.
作者信息
Huidobro-Toro J P
出版信息
Br J Pharmacol. 1980;71(1):51-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10908.x.
Abstract
1 beta-Endorphin (2 micrograms injected into the lateral ventricles) produced a significant decrease in the urine outflow and in the excretion of Na+ and K+ in Brattleboro rats, animals suffering from severe diabetes insipidus. Morphine intracerebrally also produced antidiuresis, as compared to saline-treated controls. 2 Morphine injected intraperitoneally caused a dose-dependent decrease in the urine outflow, and in the excretion of Na+ and K+. 3. Rats chronically treated with morphine (72 h of morphine pellet implantation) were less sensitive to the antidiuretic effect of a challenge dose of morphine than control Brattleboro rats implanted with placebo pellets, but otherwise treated similarly. 4 After chronic morphine administration, Brattleboro rats became dependent on morphine. Challenge with 1 mg/kg naloxone (s.c.) precipitated an abrupt opiate withdrawal syndrome characterized, among other symptoms, by increased urination in contrast to the antidiuresis observed before naloxone.
摘要
- β-内啡肽（向侧脑室注射2微克）使患有严重尿崩症的布拉特洛维大鼠的尿量以及钠和钾的排泄量显著减少。与用生理盐水处理的对照组相比，脑内注射吗啡也产生了抗利尿作用。2. 腹腔注射吗啡导致尿量以及钠和钾的排泄量呈剂量依赖性减少。3. 长期用吗啡处理的大鼠（植入吗啡丸72小时）对一次激发剂量吗啡的抗利尿作用的敏感性低于植入安慰剂丸的对照布拉特洛维大鼠，但其他处理方式相同。4. 长期给予吗啡后，布拉特洛维大鼠对吗啡产生了依赖性。用1毫克/千克纳洛酮（皮下注射）激发会引发突然的阿片戒断综合征，其特征除其他症状外，与纳洛酮给药前观察到的抗利尿作用相反，表现为排尿增加。
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