Stagno S, Brasfield D M, Brown M B, Cassell G H, Pifer L L, Whitley R J, Tiller R E
Pediatrics. 1981 Sep;68(3):322-9.
In a prospective study of 104 infants between 1 and 3 months of age hospitalized with pneumonitis, 65 (63%) had evidence of infection with one or more potential respiratory pathogens. Single infections were noted in 48 (74%) whereas mixed infections occurred in 17 (26%) of 65 infected infants. The four most common infections were Chlamydia trachomatis (15/59, 25%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (8/38, 21%), cytomegalovirus (21/104, 20%), and Pneumocystis carinii (19/104, 18%). In sharp contrast, the incidence of these infections in control infants was 0% (0/25), 4% (2/49), 3% (3/97), and 0% (0/64), respectively. The clinical, radiologic, and laboratory characteristics of the pneumonitis syndrome associated with Chlamydia, cytomegalovirus, and Pneumocystis were indistinguishable from each other. Patients with mixed infections had a more severe pneumonitis as measured by the occurrence of apnea and the need of oxygen therapy an mechanical ventilation. The patients enrolled in this study are being followed-up to determine the longitudinal course of these infections.
在一项针对104名1至3个月大因肺炎住院的婴儿的前瞻性研究中，65名（63%）婴儿有感染一种或多种潜在呼吸道病原体的证据。在65名受感染婴儿中，48名（74%）为单一感染，17名（26%）为混合感染。四种最常见的感染分别是沙眼衣原体（15/59，25%）、解脲脲原体（8/38，21%）、巨细胞病毒（21/104，20%）和卡氏肺孢子虫（19/104，18%）。与之形成鲜明对比的是，这些感染在对照婴儿中的发生率分别为0%（0/25）、4%（2/49）、3%（3/97）和0%（0/64）。与衣原体、巨细胞病毒和肺孢子虫相关的肺炎综合征的临床、放射学和实验室特征彼此无法区分。通过呼吸暂停的发生情况以及是否需要氧气治疗和机械通气来衡量，混合感染的患者肺炎更为严重。本研究纳入的患者正在接受随访，以确定这些感染的病程。
