豚鼠和大鼠体内锂离子分布情况的研究。

Studies on the disposition of Li+ in the guinea-pig and rat.

作者信息

Murray N, Hewick D, Balfour D

出版信息

Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1981;74(4):374-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00432751.

Abstract

Rats and guinea-pigs were given LiCl acutely (2 mmol/kg IP or intragastrically) or chronically (daily doses 0.6-4 mmol/kg) and plasma, erythrocytes, kidney, liver and brain were analysed for Li+. Generally, after acute LiCl, tissue Li+ levels followed changes in plasma Li+ levels. However, brain Li+ concentrations changed more slowly and in the rat, but not in the guinea-pig, paralleled erythrocyte Li+ concentrations. Li+ was absorbed more slowly from the gastrointestinal tract of the rat. After chronic LiCl, the erythrocyte:plasma Li+ ratio was about 0.1 in the guinea-pig and about 2 in the rat. Relative Li+ tissue concentrations were as follows: guinea-pig, plasma greater than kidney greater than liver greater than brain greater than erythrocyte;rat much greater than erythrocyte = brain greater than liver = plasma. A Na+-dependent Li+ efflux was demonstrated in the erythrocytes of the guinea-pig and human, but not the rat. This process was inhibited by phloretin (0.2 mM), but not frusemide (2.0 mM). The marked differences in the activity of the erythrocyte Na+-dependent Li+ countertransport process in the guinea-pig and rat could extend to other tissues and explain the observed interspecies differences in tissue Li+ distribution.

摘要

给大鼠和豚鼠急性给予LiCl（腹腔注射或灌胃，剂量为2 mmol/kg）或慢性给予LiCl（每日剂量0.6 - 4 mmol/kg），然后分析血浆、红细胞、肾脏、肝脏和大脑中的Li⁺。一般来说，急性给予LiCl后，组织中的Li⁺水平随血浆Li⁺水平的变化而变化。然而，大脑中的Li⁺浓度变化较慢，在大鼠中，其与红细胞Li⁺浓度平行，但在豚鼠中并非如此。Li⁺从大鼠胃肠道的吸收较慢。慢性给予LiCl后，豚鼠红细胞与血浆的Li⁺比值约为0.1，大鼠约为2。相对Li⁺组织浓度如下：豚鼠，血浆＞肾脏＞肝脏＞大脑＞红细胞；大鼠，红细胞 = 大脑＞肝脏 = 血浆。在豚鼠和人类的红细胞中证实存在钠依赖性Li⁺外流，但在大鼠中未发现。该过程受根皮素（0.2 mM）抑制，但不受速尿（2.0 mM）抑制。豚鼠和大鼠红细胞钠依赖性Li⁺逆向转运过程活性的显著差异可能扩展到其他组织，并解释所观察到的种间组织Li⁺分布差异。