Yoshida T, Matsuda H
Jpn J Antibiot. 1982 Jan;35(1):105-12.
Clinical studies on ceftizoxime, a new cephalosporin, were carried out in our department. The following results were obtained. 1. Antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity of ceftizoxime against 7 strains of E. coli, 6 strains of Klebsiella, 6 strains of H. influenzae, 7 strains of E. cloacae and 10 strains of S. aureus, recently isolated from patients, was compared with that of cefotiam, cefmetazole and cefazolin. Ceftizoxime was more active than the other antibiotics against E. coli, Klebsiella, H. influenzae and E. cloacae, but less active against S. aureus. 2. Urinary excretion. Urinary excretion was measured in 2 cases with normal renal function after dosing with 750 mg (35 mg/kg) and 350 mg (17 mg/kg) of ceftizoxime by intravenous injections. Urinary recovery rates within 6 hours were 97% and 82% respectively. 3. Clinical study. Eighteen children with the following bacterial infections were treated with ceftizoxime; respiratory tract infection (13), acute otitis media (1), acute intervertebral chondritis and tonsillitis (1), chronic cystitis (1), subcutaneous abscess (1) and chronic bacteremia (1). The dosage was 69--147 mg/kg q.i.d. by intravenous injection. The duration of administration was from 3 to 32 days. The clinical results were excellent in 4 cases, good in 13 cases and fair in 1 case of chronic bacteremia. The overall effectiveness rate was 94%. Slight elevation of GPT in 1 case and leukopenia (neutropenia) in 1 case were observed, but returned to the normal range immediately after discontinuation of dosing. It is considered that ceftizoxime is one of the useful first choice antibiotics used for children with bacterial infections.
我们科室对新型头孢菌素头孢唑肟进行了临床研究，获得了以下结果。1. 抗菌活性。将头孢唑肟对近期从患者中分离出的7株大肠杆菌、6株克雷伯菌、6株流感嗜血杆菌、7株阴沟肠杆菌和10株金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性与头孢替安、头孢美唑和头孢唑林进行了比较。头孢唑肟对大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌、流感嗜血杆菌和阴沟肠杆菌的活性比其他抗生素更强，但对金黄色葡萄球菌的活性较弱。2. 尿排泄。对2例肾功能正常的患者静脉注射750mg（35mg/kg）和350mg（17mg/kg）头孢唑肟后测量尿排泄情况。6小时内的尿回收率分别为97%和82%。3. 临床研究。18例患有以下细菌感染的儿童接受了头孢唑肟治疗；呼吸道感染（13例）、急性中耳炎（1例）、急性椎间软骨炎和扁桃体炎（1例）、慢性膀胱炎（1例）、皮下脓肿（1例）和慢性菌血症（1例）。剂量为静脉注射69 - 147mg/kg，每日4次。给药持续时间为3至32天。临床结果为4例优，13例良，1例慢性菌血症为中。总有效率为94%。观察到1例谷丙转氨酶轻度升高和1例白细胞减少（中性粒细胞减少），但停药后立即恢复到正常范围。认为头孢唑肟是用于儿童细菌感染的有用的首选抗生素之一。
