Ransford C P
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(1):1-10. doi: 10.1249/00005768-198201000-00001.
A review of the literature suggests that exercise may have antidepressant effects and, like other treatments for depression such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), antidepressant medication, and REM sleep deprivation, may enhance aminergic synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. In addition, the effects of exercise and other antidepressants on sleep are similar. Therefore, it is suggested that exercise is an antidepressant that enhances aminergic synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Many more psychological and physiological studies must be performed in order to verify and quantify this relationship. Present statements that single out norepinephrine, dopamine, or serotonin as the crucial amine may be premature and oversimplified. Future physiological studies must take into consideration the advantages and disadvantages of human and animal subjects. Future psychological studies should be attentive to possible differences in psychological benefits between normal and depressed subjects and should not neglect the possible role of cognitive factors such as subjects' attitudes towards exercising or the feelings of accomplishment that may result from increased physical fitness. There is also a need to measure antidepressant effects in long-term exercise programs and in studies employing various forms of exercise.
文献综述表明，运动可能具有抗抑郁作用，并且与其他抑郁症治疗方法（如电休克疗法（ECT）、抗抑郁药物和快速眼动睡眠剥夺）一样，可能增强中枢神经系统中的胺能突触传递。此外，运动和其他抗抑郁药对睡眠的影响相似。因此，有人认为运动是一种能增强中枢神经系统胺能突触传递的抗抑郁药。为了验证和量化这种关系，必须进行更多的心理学和生理学研究。目前将去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺或血清素单独列为关键胺类的说法可能为时过早且过于简单化。未来的生理学研究必须考虑人类和动物受试者的优缺点。未来的心理学研究应关注正常受试者和抑郁受试者在心理益处方面可能存在的差异，不应忽视认知因素的可能作用，如受试者对运动的态度或体能增强可能带来的成就感。还需要在长期运动计划和采用各种运动形式的研究中测量抗抑郁效果。
