Rogers J A, Davis C L
J Dairy Sci. 1982 Jun;65(6):944-52. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82295-9.
Effects of feeding dietary supplements of monensin and sodium bicarbonate singly or in combination on production of rumen volatile fatty acids, nitrogen balance, and rumen water kinetics were studied. Four rumen fistulated steers were fed a diet (50% concentrate mix and 50% corn silage) ad libitum in a 4 X 4 Latin square design (21-day periods) with a 2 X 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Sodium bicarbonate increased feed intake, water intake, rumen pH, fluid dilution rate, and decreased both molar proportion and production rate of propionate in the rumen. Alteration of the ratio of acetate to propionate reflects the large decrease in propionate production relative to the small increase in acetate production. In contrast, monensin did not alter significantly rumen fluid dilution rate or ruminal pH but did decrease the molar proportion of acetate and increase that of propionate. Monensin increased production of both acetate and propionate in the rumen; however, the large increase in propionate production appears to account for more of the increase in molar proportion of propionate in the rumen. Increases in total volatile fatty acid production per kilogram of dry matter consumed with monensin supplementation appears to result from decrease in feed intake, thereby increasing ruminal retention time of dry matter and potentially the extent of digestion. Efficiency of nitrogen utilization was not altered by either sodium bicarbonate or monensin.
研究了单独或联合饲喂莫能菌素和碳酸氢钠日粮补充剂对瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸产生、氮平衡和瘤胃水动力学的影响。采用4×4拉丁方设计（21天周期），以2×2析因排列处理方式，对4头瘤胃瘘管公牛随意饲喂一种日粮（50%精料混合料和50%玉米青贮）。碳酸氢钠增加了采食量、饮水量、瘤胃pH值、液体稀释率，并降低了瘤胃中丙酸的摩尔比例和产生率。乙酸与丙酸比例的改变反映出丙酸产生量的大幅下降相对于乙酸产生量的小幅增加。相比之下，莫能菌素并未显著改变瘤胃液稀释率或瘤胃pH值，但确实降低了乙酸的摩尔比例并增加了丙酸的摩尔比例。莫能菌素增加了瘤胃中乙酸和丙酸的产生量；然而，丙酸产生量的大幅增加似乎是瘤胃中丙酸摩尔比例增加的主要原因。补充莫能菌素后，每消耗1千克干物质的总挥发性脂肪酸产生量增加，这似乎是由于采食量减少，从而增加了干物质在瘤胃中的停留时间以及潜在的消化程度。碳酸氢钠或莫能菌素均未改变氮的利用效率。
