Nemoto T, Natarajan N, Smart C R, Mettlin C, Murphy G P
J Surg Oncol. 1982 Nov;21(3):183-8. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930210311.
The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer Short-term Survey of Breast Cancer in 12,315 patients showed that 73% of malignant tumors are found by patients, 23% by physicians, and 4% by mammography. It also indicated that younger women are more likely to discover tumors than older women, and that mammography is more likely to detect small tumors with negative axillary nodes. The effectiveness of mammography is most evident in women 50 to 74 years of age, although in women 45 to 49 years, the frequency of tumors detected by mammography nearly equals that for other groups. In black women, mammography may not be currently fully utilized. Analysis of the survey data would indicate that patients appear to demonstrate adequate skill in detecting tumors, as compared to physicians. A delay in diagnosis of longer than 3 months is associated with larger tumors and increased likelihood of axillary metastasis.
美国外科医师学会癌症委员会对12315例乳腺癌患者进行的短期调查显示，73%的恶性肿瘤由患者自己发现，23%由医生发现，4%由乳房X线摄影发现。调查还表明，年轻女性比年长女性更有可能发现肿瘤，乳房X线摄影更有可能检测出腋窝淋巴结阴性的小肿瘤。乳房X线摄影的有效性在50至74岁的女性中最为明显，不过在45至49岁的女性中，乳房X线摄影检测出肿瘤的频率几乎与其他组相同。在黑人女性中，乳房X线摄影目前可能未得到充分利用。对调查数据的分析表明，与医生相比，患者在发现肿瘤方面似乎表现出足够的技能。诊断延迟超过3个月与肿瘤较大及腋窝转移可能性增加有关。
