Gerlach D
Z Rechtsmed. 1978 Jan 31;80(4):299-304. doi: 10.1007/BF02092327.
Human organic lesions, which were induced by narcotic poisons, are caused by application and directly or indirectly by toxic substances. Cause of death is very often edema of the lung and the brain or toxic circulatory failure as well as an insufficiency of organic functions by cellular degeneration. Users of narcotic poisons mainly show liver damage. Cell degeneration and infiltration of round cells in the portal-biliary areas are mostly interpreted as drug hepatopathy and not as viral hepatitis. Enzyme levels in histochemical reactions are decreased in the damaged liver tissue. The kidneys show toxic degeneration and inflammatory reactions. Brain lesions are confined to cellular damage, without necrotic degeneration of larger areas. Sporadically perivascular hemorrhages are seen. Heart and vascular system mainly show an inflammatory reaction caused by the application of the poison and seldom embolism in the capillaries by injection of dissolved tablets. Centrally stimulating substances cause hypertrophy of the tunica media in the lung vessels, combined with pulmonary hypertension.
由麻醉毒物引起的人体器质性病变，是由毒物的应用以及直接或间接由有毒物质导致的。死亡原因常常是肺和脑的水肿、中毒性循环衰竭以及细胞变性引起的器官功能不全。麻醉毒物使用者主要表现为肝脏损伤。门静脉 - 胆管区域的细胞变性和圆形细胞浸润大多被解释为药物性肝病，而非病毒性肝炎。受损肝脏组织中组织化学反应的酶水平降低。肾脏表现出中毒性变性和炎症反应。脑部病变局限于细胞损伤，没有大面积的坏死性变性。偶尔可见血管周围出血。心脏和血管系统主要表现为由毒物应用引起的炎症反应，很少因注射溶解的片剂而在毛细血管中出现栓塞。中枢刺激性物质会导致肺血管中膜肥厚，并伴有肺动脉高压。
