Dabernat H J, Delmas C
Rev Infect Dis. 1982 Sep-Oct;4 Suppl:S401-5. doi: 10.1093/clinids/4.supplement_2.s401.
The activity of cefotaxime was compared with that of ampicillin, moxalactam, and cefoperozone against 50 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and with that of ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefazolin, and several other established and investigational beta-lactam antibiotics against several hundred isolates of gram-negative aerobic enteric bacilli. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of the drugs were determined by the agar plate dilution technique for H. influenzae and by the microtiter broth dilution technique for the other pathogens. Cefotaxime was the most active agent against H. influenzae; it was 20 times more active than ampicillin. It was also the most active agent against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, nontyphoid Salmonella species, and Yersinia enterocolitica. Cefotaxime was among the most active agents against Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter species, Shigella species, Proteus mirabilis, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. None of the new cephalosporins or penicillin inhibited greater than 90% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at concentrations of less than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml; these drugs were, however, more active than carbenicillin.
将头孢噻肟与氨苄西林、拉氧头孢和头孢哌酮对50株流感嗜血杆菌的活性进行了比较，并将其与氨苄西林、羧苄西林、头孢噻吩、头孢西丁、头孢孟多、头孢唑林以及其他几种已上市和正在研究的β-内酰胺类抗生素对数百株革兰氏阴性需氧肠道杆菌的活性进行了比较。采用琼脂平板稀释法测定药物对流感嗜血杆菌的最低抑菌浓度，采用微量肉汤稀释法测定对其他病原体的最低抑菌浓度。头孢噻肟是对流感嗜血杆菌活性最强的药物；其活性比氨苄西林高20倍。它也是对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、非伤寒沙门氏菌和小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌活性最强的药物。头孢噻肟是对阴沟肠杆菌、柠檬酸杆菌属、志贺菌属、奇异变形杆菌和醋酸钙不动杆菌活性最强的药物之一。在浓度小于或等于16微克/毫升时，没有一种新型头孢菌素或青霉素能抑制超过90%的铜绿假单胞菌分离株；然而，这些药物比羧苄西林活性更强。
