Murphy M D, Rasnack J, Dickson H D, Dietch M, Brunell P A
Pediatrics. 1983 Feb;71(2):200-5.
The adjuvant and antigen components of the pertussis fraction of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine were evaluated. Four preparations of DTP vaccine composed of either whole cell (Wc) or extracted (E) pertussis antigen combined with either an aluminum phosphate (Ph) or alum (Al) adjuvant were compared. Local reactions were similar in all four vaccines after the first two immunizations but were significantly increased in incidence and severity following the third immunization with vaccine WcPh. This appeared to be due to the Ph adjuvant rather than the antigen component. Febrile reactions were experienced more often (P = .0009) and with higher temperatures (P = .0001) with the WcPh vaccine following the first immunization. This appeared to be due to the Wc component. Comparing the pooled Wc groups with the pooled E groups revealed a greater febrile response in the Wc group after both the first (P = .0008) and the second (P = .03) immunization. Local reactions appear temporally and etiologically to be distinct from febrile reactions. The pooled Wc antigen group produced a higher geometric mean titer than the pooled E antigen group (P = .05). Serologic responses, with respect to geometric mean titer, were not significantly different among the individual vaccines. This study suggests that the combination of whole cell and aluminum phosphate, which is currently in use in the United States, is probably not the optimal formulation for pertussis vaccine.
对白喉-破伤风-百日咳（DTP）疫苗中百日咳成分的佐剂和抗原组分进行了评估。比较了四种由全细胞（Wc）或提取（E）的百日咳抗原与磷酸铝（Ph）或明矾（Al）佐剂组合而成的DTP疫苗制剂。在前两次免疫后，所有四种疫苗的局部反应相似，但在第三次接种WcPh疫苗后，其发生率和严重程度显著增加。这似乎是由于Ph佐剂而非抗原成分所致。首次免疫后，接种WcPh疫苗出现发热反应的频率更高（P = 0.0009）且体温更高（P = 0.0001）。这似乎是由于Wc成分。将合并的Wc组与合并的E组进行比较发现，首次免疫（P = 0.0008）和第二次免疫（P = 0.03）后，Wc组的发热反应更大。局部反应在时间和病因上似乎与发热反应不同。合并的Wc抗原组产生的几何平均滴度高于合并的E抗原组（P = 0.05）。就几何平均滴度而言，各单独疫苗的血清学反应无显著差异。这项研究表明，目前在美国使用的全细胞与磷酸铝的组合可能不是百日咳疫苗的最佳配方。
