Ishak M A, Larson L L, Owen F G, Lowry S R, Erickson E D
J Dairy Sci. 1983 Jan;66(1):99-106. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(83)81759-7.
One hundred and twenty Holstein cows were assigned to a randomized complete block design to determine effects of selenium, vitamins, and ration fiber on incidence of placental retention and other health and reproductive problems. The selenium treatment (50 mg selenium, 680 IU vitamin E) was administered as a single injection approximately 3 to 4 wk prepartum. The vitamin treatment (3 million IU vitamin A, 450,000 IU vitamin D3, 300 IU vitamin E) consisted of two injections, one administered at 3 to 4 wk prepartum and another at 2 to 3 wk postpartum. Fiber treatments were: control, 15.7% crude fiber; beet pulp, 19.3% crude fiber; and soyhull, 19.0% crude fiber. Feeding of experimental rations was begun 1 day postpartum, and the ration effect on placental retention was examined only at subsequent parturition. The overall placental retention rate of 28% was not affected by either selenium, vitamin, or combined treatments. Ration treatments did not affect the placental retention rate of 42% at subsequent parturition. Cows receiving the soyhull ration required fewer services per conception. Incidence of foot problems tended to be higher in the cows that received the combined selenium and vitamin A, D, E treatments. Supplemental selenium, vitamins A, D, and E, and ration fiber treatments did not reduce incidence of placental retention or improve most other health and reproductive measures.
120头荷斯坦奶牛被分配到随机完全区组设计中，以确定硒、维生素和日粮纤维对胎盘滞留发生率以及其他健康和繁殖问题的影响。硒处理（50毫克硒，680国际单位维生素E）在产前约3至4周时单次注射。维生素处理（300万国际单位维生素A、45万国际单位维生素D3、300国际单位维生素E）包括两次注射，一次在产前3至4周时注射，另一次在产后2至3周时注射。纤维处理方式为：对照组，粗纤维含量15.7%；甜菜粕组，粗纤维含量19.3%；大豆皮组，粗纤维含量19.0%。产后第1天开始饲喂试验日粮，仅在随后的分娩时检查日粮对胎盘滞留的影响。28%的总体胎盘滞留率不受硒、维生素或联合处理的影响。日粮处理对随后分娩时42%的胎盘滞留率没有影响。接受大豆皮日粮的奶牛每次受孕所需的配种次数较少。接受硒与维生素A、D、E联合处理的奶牛足部问题发生率往往较高。补充硒、维生素A、D和E以及日粮纤维处理并未降低胎盘滞留发生率，也未改善大多数其他健康和繁殖指标。
