What's new in aftercare? A review of recent literature.

With the deinstitutionalization movement has come the need to develop effective aftercare systems for chronic mental patients in the community. To assess the progress that has been made in aftercare, the authors conducted a review of the journal literature published since 1977. They summarize the major findings related to studies of aftercare in its various dimensions and conclude that, although numerous studies have reported more positive outcomes for patients involved in aftercare programs, none of the approaches used have been subjected to the kind of rigorous scientific investigation that would justify recommending their widespread application. They emphasize the need for further studies that attempt to define which type of treatment works for which type of patient.