美国亚利桑那州南部莫哈韦响尾蛇（Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus）的毒液注入

Envenomation by the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in southern Arizona, U.S.A.

作者信息

Hardy D L

出版信息

Toxicon. 1983;21(1):111-8. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(83)90054-5.

Abstract

Fifteen cases of envenomation by the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) are reviewed. Systemic effects were observed in eight patients, consisting of early hypotension (3), decreased plasma fibrinogen (3) and platelets (2), elevated fibrinolytic split products (3) and eyelid ptosis (1). Local venom effects were most common and included swelling (15), ecchymosis (10), bleb formation (6) and necrosis (3). Effects upon neuromuscular transmission were neither common nor a clinical problem. Treatment consisted of i.v. crystalloid solution (15) and antivenin (12).

摘要

回顾了15例被莫哈韦响尾蛇（Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus）咬伤中毒的病例。8名患者出现全身症状，包括早期低血压（3例）、血浆纤维蛋白原降低（3例）和血小板减少（2例）、纤维蛋白溶解产物升高（3例）及眼睑下垂（1例）。局部毒液作用最为常见，包括肿胀（15例）、瘀斑（10例）、水疱形成（6例）和坏死（3例）。对神经肌肉传递的影响既不常见也不是临床问题。治疗包括静脉输注晶体溶液（15例）和抗蛇毒血清（12例）。