水中游离氯残留对甲型肝炎病毒及指示生物的灭活作用。
Inactivation of hepatitis A virus and indicator organisms in water by free chlorine residuals.
作者信息
Grabow W O, Gauss-Müller V, Prozesky O W, Deinhardt F
出版信息
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Sep;46(3):619-24. doi: 10.1128/aem.46.3.619-624.1983.
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and selected indicator organisms were mixed together in chlorine-demand-free buffers at pH 6, 8, or 10 and exposed to free chlorine residuals, and the survival kinetics of individual organisms were compared. HAV was enumerated by a most-probable-number dilution assay, using PLC/PRF/5 liver cells for propagation of the virus and radioimmunoassay for its detection. At all pH levels, HAV was more sensitive than Mycobacterium fortuitum, coliphage V1 (representing a type of phage common in some sewage-polluted waters), and poliovirus type 2. Under certain conditions, HAV was more resistant than Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, coliphage MS2, and reovirus type 3. It was always more resistant than SA-11 rotavirus. Evidence is presented that conditions generally specified for the chlorine disinfection of drinking-water supplies will also successfully inactivate HAV and that HAV inactivation by free chlorine residuals can reliably be monitored by practical indicator systems consisting of appropriate combinations of suitable indicators such as coliform and acid-fast bacteria, coliphages, the standard plate count, and fecal streptococci.
甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）与选定的指示微生物在pH值为6、8或10的无氯需求缓冲液中混合，并暴露于游离氯残留环境下，然后比较各微生物的存活动力学。采用最可能数稀释法对HAV进行计数，利用PLC/PRF/5肝细胞培养病毒，并通过放射免疫测定法进行检测。在所有pH值水平下，HAV比偶然分枝杆菌、大肠杆菌噬菌体V1（代表某些受污水污染水体中常见的一种噬菌体类型）和脊髓灰质炎病毒2型更敏感。在某些条件下，HAV比大肠杆菌、粪链球菌、大肠杆菌噬菌体MS2和呼肠孤病毒3型更具抗性。它始终比SA - 11轮状病毒更具抗性。有证据表明，通常规定的饮用水供应氯消毒条件也能成功灭活HAV，并且由大肠菌群和抗酸细菌、大肠杆菌噬菌体、标准平板计数和粪链球菌等合适指示物的适当组合构成的实用指示系统能够可靠地监测游离氯残留对HAV的灭活情况。
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