Wong-Riley M, Carroll E W
Nature. 1984;307(5948):262-4. doi: 10.1038/307262a0.
Cytochrome oxidase (cytochrome c oxidase; ferrocytochrome c: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.9.2.1) has been introduced as an oxidative metabolic marker for neurones in the central nervous system. Previous studies have shown that mature neurones remained sensitive to altered functional demands, and that both developing and adult neurones responded to sensory deprivation or deafferentation by reducing their cytochrome oxidase (Cyt. Ox.) activity. More recently, we showed that the blockage of retinal impulse transmission with tetrodotoxin led to a reversible reduction in Cyt. Ox. staining of affected lateral geniculate (LGN) and striate neurones in adult cats. The present study sought to extend these findings to adult monkeys, where Cyt. Ox. 'puffs' or 'blobs' are uniquely present in the visual cortex. We found that, while the retina remained histologically intact, with only moderate decreases in Cyt. Ox. staining of large ganglion cells and the two plexiform layers, subtle changes occurred in the LGN as early as 1 day post-tetrodotoxin injection, and clear reduction in enzyme levels was evident in both the LGN and the visual cortex by 3 days. Changes became progressively more severe up to 4 weeks post-injection. Within area 17, alternating bands of high and low Cyt. Ox. staining occurred in lamina IV, with alternating rows of dark and lightly reactive puffs superimposed in exact register. Thus, the mature visual neurones in the primate remain extremely sensitive to the cessation of retinal impulse transmission, and plastic metabolic changes occur through several synapses along the sensory pathway.
细胞色素氧化酶（细胞色素c氧化酶；亚铁细胞色素c：氧氧化还原酶，EC 1.9.2.1）已被引入作为中枢神经系统中神经元的氧化代谢标志物。先前的研究表明，成熟神经元对功能需求的改变仍保持敏感，并且发育中和成年神经元都会通过降低其细胞色素氧化酶（Cyt. Ox.）活性来响应感觉剥夺或传入神经阻滞。最近，我们发现用河豚毒素阻断视网膜冲动传递会导致成年猫受影响的外侧膝状体（LGN）和纹状神经元的Cyt. Ox.染色可逆性降低。本研究试图将这些发现扩展到成年猴子，在成年猴子的视觉皮层中独特地存在细胞色素氧化酶“膨体”或“斑点”。我们发现，虽然视网膜在组织学上保持完整，仅大神经节细胞和两个神经丛层的Cyt. Ox.染色有适度降低，但早在注射河豚毒素后1天，LGN就出现了细微变化，到3天时，LGN和视觉皮层中的酶水平明显降低。注射后长达4周，变化逐渐变得更加严重。在17区内，IV层出现了细胞色素氧化酶染色高低交替的条带，在精确对齐的位置上叠加了深色和浅色反应性膨体的交替行。因此，灵长类动物中成熟的视觉神经元对视网膜冲动传递的停止仍然极其敏感，并且沿着感觉通路的几个突触会发生可塑性代谢变化。
