Enet-Renou N, Mirouze J, Dagher G, Dupont M, Richard J L, Mimran A
Sem Hop. 1983 Dec 8;59(45):3121-6.
Pseudo-hyperkaliemia is a biochemical abnormality suspected when the blood level of K is increased, contrasting with the absence of usual symptoms of hyperkaliemia. The diagnosis is confirmed by the discrepancy between K+ blood levels which are normal if measured immediately after the blood sample is drawn, and increased if the blood sample is incubated at room temperature. In our case, the pseudo-hyperkaliemia is due to the passage of K outside the erythrocytes through increased passive membrane permeability to K. In vivo, this increased passive outflow of K seems to be compensated by an increased active inflow of K dependent on the sodium pump. This explains the absence of true hyperkaliemia and clinical symptoms. In vitro, it seems that the sodium pump is no longer able to ensure this increased activity. Therefore, the abnormality becomes overt, mirrored by a delayed increase in kaliemia.
假性高钾血症是一种生化异常，当血钾水平升高而无高钾血症常见症状时可怀疑此病。通过对比血样采集后立即测量时血钾水平正常，而血样在室温下孵育后血钾水平升高这一差异来确诊。在我们的病例中，假性高钾血症是由于红细胞膜对钾的被动通透性增加导致钾外流。在体内，钾的这种被动外流增加似乎由依赖钠泵的钾主动内流增加所代偿。这就解释了为何不存在真正的高钾血症及临床症状。在体外，钠泵似乎不再能够确保这种增加的活性。因此，异常变得明显，表现为血钾延迟升高。
