Teichberg V I, Tal N, Goldberg O, Luini A
Brain Res. 1984 Jan 23;291(2):285-92. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(84)91260-5.
The effects of barbiturates and straight-chain aliphatic alcohols on the responses of rat striatal neurons to excitatory amino acids have been investigated. The responses to N-methyl-D-aspartate, quisqualate, kainate, L-glutamate and L-aspartate were measured by the increase in 22Na+ efflux rate that they produce in brain slices. The responses to quisqualate and kainate, measured in the 22Na+ efflux assay, were found to be partially blocked by barbiturates whereas the responses to N-methyl-D-aspartate, glutamate and aspartate were not. The kainate and quisqualate-induced increases in 22Na+ efflux rate were much more readily blocked by the presence of aliphatic alcohols than were the responses to N-methyl-D-aspartate, glutamate and aspartate. These results strengthen the idea of the existence of 4 distinct receptors for excitatory amino acids in the rat striatum. They are consistent with the presence on the kainate and quisqualate receptors, but not on the N-methyl-D-aspartate and glutamate/aspartate receptors of a hydrophobic domain which would provide a site of interaction for barbiturates and alcohols. They suggest that receptors for excitatory amino acids can be targets for the actions of barbiturates and alcohols on the central nervous system, and may mediate some of the anesthetic and hypnotic effects of these drugs.
已研究了巴比妥类药物和直链脂肪醇对大鼠纹状体神经元对兴奋性氨基酸反应的影响。通过测量它们在脑片中引起的22Na+外流速率增加来测定对N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸、quisqualate、海人藻酸、L-谷氨酸和L-天冬氨酸的反应。发现在22Na+外流试验中测得的对quisqualate和海人藻酸的反应部分被巴比妥类药物阻断，而对N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的反应则未被阻断。与对N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的反应相比，脂肪醇的存在更容易阻断海人藻酸和quisqualate诱导的22Na+外流速率增加。这些结果强化了大鼠纹状体中存在4种不同兴奋性氨基酸受体的观点。它们与海人藻酸和quisqualate受体上存在但N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸和谷氨酸/天冬氨酸受体上不存在疏水结构域一致，该疏水结构域将为巴比妥类药物和醇类提供相互作用位点。它们表明兴奋性氨基酸受体可能是巴比妥类药物和醇类作用于中枢神经系统的靶点，并可能介导这些药物的一些麻醉和催眠作用。
