Overstreet D H
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1984;8(1):133-51. doi: 10.1016/0278-5846(84)90144-1.
Evidence for the involvement of the cholinergic system in behavioural plasticity is reviewed by considering three forms of behavioural plasticity: habituation, learning and memory, and tolerance development. Although the cholinergic system may modulate the response tendencies of an animal, it does not appear to be involved in the process of habituation. A number of studies have indicated that the cholinergic system may be involved in learning and memory processes in infrahuman animals. In general, cholinergic antagonists tend to disrupt memory while agonists may, under the appropriate conditions, facilitate memory. Recent studies have pointed to a relation between dysfunctions of the cholinergic system and dysfunctions of memory in aged animals. Studies of tolerance development suggest that the cholinergic system may undergo plastic changes which may underlie the development of tolerance to some drugs, with receptor alterations being the most reproducible finding. However, more work is necessary to establish the degree of plasticity. The cholinergic system also appears to be involved in learning and memory processes in humans. However, attempts to correct the memory deficits in aged humans by manipulating the cholinergic system have met with limited success. The reasons for this lack of success are briefly considered.
习惯化、学习与记忆以及耐受性发展，来综述胆碱能系统参与行为可塑性的证据。尽管胆碱能系统可能调节动物的反应倾向，但它似乎并不参与习惯化过程。许多研究表明，胆碱能系统可能参与非人类动物的学习与记忆过程。一般来说，胆碱能拮抗剂往往会破坏记忆，而激动剂在适当条件下可能会促进记忆。最近的研究指出了老年动物胆碱能系统功能障碍与记忆功能障碍之间的关系。耐受性发展的研究表明，胆碱能系统可能会发生可塑性变化，这可能是对某些药物产生耐受性的基础，其中受体改变是最可重复的发现。然而，需要更多的研究来确定可塑性的程度。胆碱能系统似乎也参与人类的学习与记忆过程。然而，通过操纵胆碱能系统来纠正老年人记忆缺陷的尝试取得的成功有限。简要考虑了这种缺乏成功的原因。
