School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
Behav Brain Res. 2011 Aug 10;221(2):505-14. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.037. Epub 2010 Dec 2.
Acetylcholine is an essential excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and undertakes a vital role in cognitive function. Consequently, there is ample evidence to suggest the involvement of both nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the modulation of synaptic plasticity, which is believed to be the molecular correlate of learning and memory. In the hippocampus in particular, multiple subtypes of both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors are present at presynaptic and postsynaptic loci of both principal neurons and inhibitory interneurons, where they exert profound bi-directional influences on synaptic transmission. Further evidence points to a role for cholinergic activation in the induction and maintenance of synaptic plasticity, and key influences on hippocampal network oscillations. The present review examines these multiple roles of acetylcholine in hippocampal plasticity.
乙酰胆碱是中枢神经系统中一种重要的兴奋性神经递质，在认知功能中起着至关重要的作用。因此，有大量证据表明，烟碱型和毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体都参与了突触可塑性的调节，而突触可塑性被认为是学习和记忆的分子相关物。特别是在海马体中，烟碱型和毒蕈碱型受体的多种亚型都存在于主要神经元和抑制性中间神经元的突触前和突触后部位，它们对突触传递产生深远的双向影响。进一步的证据表明，胆碱能激活在诱导和维持突触可塑性以及对海马体网络振荡的关键影响中发挥作用。本综述探讨了乙酰胆碱在海马体可塑性中的多种作用。
