Rice D H
West J Med. 1984 Feb;140(2):238-49.
Salivary glands may be involved in a wide variety of diseases, which may be broadly grouped into (1) inflammatory, (2) noninflammatory, nonneoplastic and (3) neoplastic categories. Most inflammatory and noninflammatory, nonneoplastic diseases should be managed conservatively and symptomatically. The common exceptions are first-arch branchialcleft cysts and calculi. Neoplastic lesions always require resection if that is feasible. For benign tumors, simple excision with a cuff of normal tissue around it will usually suffice. The prevailing trend for treatment of malignant neoplasms is conservatism. No longer is the facial nerve routinely sacrificed. The resection done is dictated by the tumor size and the facial nerve is spared unless directly invaded. Postoperative radiation therapy is increasingly used.
唾液腺可能会涉及各种各样的疾病,这些疾病大致可分为三类:(1)炎症性疾病;(2)非炎症性、非肿瘤性疾病;(3)肿瘤性疾病。大多数炎症性和非炎症性、非肿瘤性疾病应采用保守和对症治疗。常见的例外情况是第一鳃弓鳃裂囊肿和结石。如果可行,肿瘤性病变总是需要切除。对于良性肿瘤,通常围绕肿瘤连同其周围一圈正常组织进行简单切除就足够了。恶性肿瘤治疗的当前趋势是保守治疗。不再常规牺牲面神经。手术切除取决于肿瘤大小,除非面神经直接受侵,否则予以保留。术后越来越多地使用放射治疗。