Blitek D, Pieńkowska K, Gajcy H, Koziorowska J
Mutat Res. 1983 Apr;117(1-2):193-9. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(83)90167-2.
Oxytetracycline hydrochloride, potassium nitrite and a combination of this antibiotic with the nitrite were tested for their mutagenicity in the host-mediated assay with mice as the host animals. The Salmonella typhimurium strain used was his G46. The bacteria were injected intraperitoneally, and the test compounds were administered by a stomach tube. Neither oxytetracycline nor potassium nitrite were mutagenic for strain G46, but the combination of the compounds administered in the highest tolerated doses proved to be mutagenic for this Salmonella strain. The mutagenicity of the compounds was further evaluated by the micronucleus test in the bone marrow of Swiss mice. The test compounds were administered p.o., half the dose 30 h and the rest 6 h before the animals were killed. Oxytetracycline and the combination of oxytetracycline with potassium nitrite induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes. Dose-response experiments with oxytetracycline and with the combination of the antibiotic with nitrite revealed an apparent no-effect level at 2 X 50 to 2 X 500 mg/kg. At higher doses both oxytetracycline and oxytetracycline with nitrite significantly influenced the ratio of erythrocytes to nucleated cells. The findings were compared with data obtained with dimethylnitrosamine included in both kinds of experiment.
以小鼠作为宿主动物，采用宿主介导试验，对盐酸土霉素、亚硝酸钾以及该抗生素与亚硝酸盐的组合进行了致突变性测试。所用的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株为his G46。细菌通过腹腔注射，受试化合物通过胃管给药。土霉素和亚硝酸钾对G46菌株均无致突变性，但以最高耐受剂量给药的化合物组合对该沙门氏菌菌株具有致突变性。通过瑞士小鼠骨髓微核试验进一步评估了这些化合物的致突变性。受试化合物经口给药，在处死动物前30小时给予一半剂量，其余剂量在6小时前给予。土霉素以及土霉素与亚硝酸钾的组合使多染红细胞中的微核频率显著增加。土霉素以及抗生素与亚硝酸盐组合的剂量反应实验显示，在2×50至2×500毫克/千克时有明显的无效应水平。在更高剂量下土霉素和土霉素与亚硝酸盐均显著影响红细胞与有核细胞的比例。将这些结果与两种实验中包含的二甲基亚硝胺所得数据进行了比较。
