Vainio H, Sorsa M, Hemminki K
Am J Ind Med. 1983;4(1-2):87-103.
Biological monitoring comprises analysis of samples taken of individuals with presumed or known exposures in order to estimate either the body uptake of a toxicant or to detect reversible effects of the exposure. In medical surveillance, biological monitoring is a preventive tool whose function is either to identify the hazardous exposures, or the early biological effects of such exposures. Biological monitoring is of special importance in identifying exposures to genotoxicants, for which no safe thresholds are known and the effects of which are prone to large interindividual variations. Both the uptake of the genotoxicant(s) and their biological effect should be considered determinants of the hazard potential of the exposure. Thus the occurrence of either one of these phenomena is a reason for preventive health measures.
生物监测包括对假定或已知接触有害物质的个体采集的样本进行分析，以便估计机体对毒物的摄取情况或检测接触的可逆效应。在医学监测中，生物监测是一种预防性工具，其功能是识别有害接触或此类接触的早期生物学效应。生物监测在识别对遗传毒性物质的接触方面尤为重要，因为对于遗传毒性物质，尚无已知的安全阈值，且其效应在个体间易于出现较大差异。遗传毒性物质的摄取及其生物学效应均应被视为接触潜在危害的决定因素。因此，这些现象中任何一种的出现都是采取预防性健康措施的理由。
