Berner R, Rudin W, Hecker H
J Ultrastruct Res. 1983 May;83(2):195-204. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5320(83)90077-1.
Formation and solubility of the peritrophic membranes (pm) in the midgut (stomach) of female Anopheles stephensi depended on salt concentration in the gut lumen. High calcium drastically reduced the solubility of the pm in vitro. Thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of N-acetylgalactosamine and galactose in the pm. In contrast to Aedes aegypti no N-acetylglucosamine was present indicating significant differences between Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes with respect to pm formation and composition. Experimental distension of the stomach epithelium did not trigger secretion of proteases, but membrane-bound granules were released from the stomach cells, and pm were formed. When females were fed blood 18 hr after an enema with salt solution, when practically no granules were present in the gut cells, protease activity was increased, and blood was digested normally, but no pm were formed. A functional correlation of the membrane-bound granules and pm formation is postulated. alpha-Amanitin prevented normal digestion, protease activity was only insignificantly increased, and no pm formed after blood intake.
斯蒂芬斯按蚊雌蚊中肠（胃）围食膜（pm）的形成和溶解性取决于肠腔中的盐浓度。高钙显著降低了围食膜在体外的溶解性。薄层色谱显示围食膜中存在N-乙酰半乳糖胺和半乳糖。与埃及伊蚊不同，围食膜中不存在N-乙酰葡糖胺，这表明按蚊和伊蚊在围食膜的形成和组成方面存在显著差异。胃上皮的实验性扩张并未引发蛋白酶的分泌，但胃细胞释放了膜结合颗粒，并形成了围食膜。当雌蚊在用盐溶液灌肠18小时后取食血液时，此时肠道细胞中几乎不存在颗粒，蛋白酶活性增加，血液正常消化，但未形成围食膜。推测膜结合颗粒与围食膜形成之间存在功能相关性。α-鹅膏蕈碱阻止了正常消化，蛋白酶活性仅略有增加，取食血液后未形成围食膜。
