Stanley R B, Mathog R H
Laryngoscope. 1983 Jul;93(7):856-65. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198307000-00002.
Injuries to the inferior and lateral orbital walls are traditionally classified as either "blow-out" or trimalar fractures. This simplified system has helped considerably in the understanding of the causes of the two types of injury and methods of repair. Unfortunately, simultaneous occurrence can cause immediate and delayed problems that potentiate each other. Enophthalmos and globe ptosis, in combination with a depressed malar eminence, present a major challenge to the reconstructive surgeon's efforts to achieve satisfactory function and appearance. This paper reports the results of combined orbital floor and lateral wall injuries as an important clinical trauma syndrome. The interaction of the two fractures with regard to pathophysiology, sequelae, and methods of correction will be discussed. A review of cases will be used to describe the authors' techniques of repair, and to illustrate the preferred methods of bone grafting for correction of retrusion and depression of the globe, muscle entrapment and depression of the malar eminence.
眼眶下壁和外侧壁损伤传统上分为“爆裂性”或三骨骨折。这种简化的分类系统在很大程度上有助于理解这两种损伤的病因及修复方法。不幸的是，两种损伤同时发生会导致即刻和延迟出现的相互影响的问题。眼球内陷和眼球下垂，再加上颧骨突出部凹陷，给重建外科医生在实现满意的功能和外观方面的努力带来了重大挑战。本文报道眶底和侧壁联合损伤作为一种重要临床创伤综合征的结果。将讨论两种骨折在病理生理学、后遗症及矫正方法方面的相互作用。将通过病例回顾来描述作者的修复技术，并阐明矫正眼球后缩和凹陷、肌肉嵌顿及颧骨突出部凹陷时植骨的首选方法。
