McGovern F H
Laryngoscope. 1983 Jul;93(7):903-5. doi: 10.1288/00005537-198307000-00013.
In a small series of articles published in The London Gazette in 1830 Henry Jones Shrapnell, surgeon, first described the correct form and structure of the tympanic membrane. He divided the drum membrane into two parts, the pars tensa and the pars flaccida. To this day the latter structure is known to every otologist and to most medical students as Shrapnell's membrane. In addition he wrote on the function of the membrana tympani, the nerves of the ear, and the true anatomy of the os incus. Heretofore the lenticular process of the incus was considered a separate bone in the ossicular chain. In spite of his distinctive contribution to medicine, a search of over a decade failed to uncover little basic information about Shrapnell's life, and for this reason he has been called by a distinguished librarian, the elusive Mr. Shrapnell. Recently, from my continued investigation, and with the help of many fine London scholars, a clearer picture has emerged of Shrapnell's forebearers, his family, his education and his death.
1830年，外科医生亨利·琼斯·施拉普内尔在《伦敦公报》上发表了一系列短文，首次描述了鼓膜的正确形态和结构。他将鼓膜分为两部分，即紧张部和松弛部。时至今日，每一位耳科医生和大多数医学生都知道后一种结构为施拉普内尔膜。此外，他还撰写了关于鼓膜的功能、耳部神经以及砧骨的真实解剖结构的文章。在此之前，砧骨的豆状突被认为是听骨链中的一块独立骨头。尽管他对医学有独特贡献，但经过十多年的搜寻，几乎没有发现关于施拉普内尔生平的基本信息，因此一位杰出的图书管理员称他为难以捉摸的施拉普内尔先生。最近，通过我持续的调查，并在许多优秀的伦敦学者的帮助下，施拉普内尔的先辈、他的家庭、他的教育背景以及他的死亡情况都有了更清晰的呈现。
