Kinston W
Int J Psychoanal. 1983;64 (Pt 2):213-26.
The psychoanalytic literature on shame is critically reviewed. A vagueness and incompleteness in formulations is noted which appears to be related to an adherence to the structural and topographical models. Shame is shown to have a clearly defined place in object-relations theory, in particular within the theory of narcissism as developed elsewhere by the author. It is the signal, affective and cognitive, that a move from 'self-narcissism' to 'object-narcissism' is about to occur. The phenomenology of the shame experience as emphasized by other workers is collated and shown to be capable of coherent and consistent integration within this model. Aspects of shame which have been previously neglected are discussed including the unconscious sense of shame and specific mechanisms for dealing with shame.
对精神分析学中关于羞耻的文献进行了批判性综述。注意到表述中存在模糊性和不完整性，这似乎与对结构模型和地形模型的坚持有关。羞耻在客体关系理论中有着明确界定的位置，特别是在作者在其他地方发展的自恋理论中。它是一种情感和认知信号，表明即将从“自我自恋”转向“客体自恋”。整理了其他研究者所强调的羞耻体验的现象学，并表明其能够在该模型中进行连贯一致的整合。讨论了先前被忽视的羞耻方面，包括无意识的羞耻感以及处理羞耻的特定机制。
