Pan E Y, Chen L Y, Yang J Z, Lee Z, Wang Z Z
Pediatr Radiol. 1983;13(4):199-205. doi: 10.1007/BF00973156.
The radiographic findings of 200 cases of meconium peritonitis were analyzed; 194 cases were discovered in newborn infants and six cases in fetuses. The radiographic features in the newborn group could be categorized as pneumoperitoneum with intestinal obstruction (adhesions) and calcification (35 cases), intestinal obstruction with calcification (143 cases), intestinal obstruction with no radiographically visible calcification (5 cases), and calcification alone (11 cases). All six cases of the fetal group were diagnosed when the mothers had been hospitalized for polyhydramnios and a plaque-like or ring-like calcification showed up in the fetal abdomen on the plain radiograph. Meconium peritonitis is one of the few conditions that can be diagnosed before birth and is almost the only condition around the time of birth to produce calcification in the abdomen. Therefore, if there is any sign of polyhydramnios, radiographs or ultrasonograms of the maternal abdomen should be obtained to detect any calcification within the peritoneal cavity of the fetus. A simple experiment carried out in rats showed that it takes at least eight days after the meconium escapes into the peritoneal cavity for calcification in the meconium to be radiographically demonstrable.
对200例胎粪性腹膜炎的影像学表现进行了分析；其中194例在新生儿中发现，6例在胎儿中发现。新生儿组的影像学特征可分为气腹伴肠梗阻（粘连）和钙化（35例）、肠梗阻伴钙化（143例）、肠梗阻且无影像学可见钙化（5例）以及单纯钙化（11例）。胎儿组的6例均在母亲因羊水过多住院时诊断出来，腹部平片显示胎儿腹部有斑块状或环状钙化。胎粪性腹膜炎是少数可在出生前诊断的疾病之一，几乎是出生时左右唯一能在腹部产生钙化的疾病。因此，如果有任何羊水过多的迹象，应进行母亲腹部的X线片或超声检查，以检测胎儿腹腔内的任何钙化。在大鼠身上进行的一项简单实验表明，胎粪进入腹腔后至少需要八天，胎粪中的钙化才能在影像学上显示出来。
