Owens F N, Bergen W G
J Anim Sci. 1983 Jul;57 Suppl 2:498-518.
Nitrogen metabolism of ruminant animals has been the subject of thousands of research publications. Study of ruminal and intestinal function continues. The quantitative and qualitative importance of ruminal microbes as a source of protein have become apparent in many trials, and factors controlling microbial protein synthesis or growth of microbes as well as ruminal degradation of dietary protein have been explored. Information on the supply side of the protein ledger (ruminal synthesis, bypass or escape of dietary protein; intestinal digestion) exceeds current knowledge of quantitative needs for amino acids. Descriptive models of N metabolism have evolved that amalgamate current concepts. With future amendments, these systems should prove useful in diet formulation to more fully utilize ruminal fermentation and increase productive efficiency of ruminant animals. Expanding knowledge of ruminal N metabolism will permit greater control and manipulation of the processes of ruminal fermentation and postruminal digestion.
反刍动物的氮代谢一直是数千篇研究论文的主题。对瘤胃和肠道功能的研究仍在继续。在许多试验中，瘤胃微生物作为蛋白质来源的数量和质量重要性已变得明显，并且已经探索了控制微生物蛋白质合成或微生物生长以及日粮蛋白质瘤胃降解的因素。蛋白质账本供应方面的信息（瘤胃合成、日粮蛋白质的旁路或逃逸；肠道消化）超过了目前对氨基酸定量需求的认识。已经发展出了融合当前概念的氮代谢描述模型。通过未来的修正，这些系统应能证明在日粮配方中有助于更充分地利用瘤胃发酵并提高反刍动物的生产效率。对瘤胃氮代谢知识的不断扩展将使瘤胃发酵和瘤胃后消化过程得到更大程度的控制和操纵。
