Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 2;14(1):26474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77791-y.
The physical attributes of corn silage are enhanced by shredlage (SHR), while there is a rising interest in boosting its biological performance. This study aimed to assess and compare the impact of both the chopping method and different yeast strains on ensilage quality including the in vitro evaluation of corn silage. Both types of corn, including chopped and shredded, were harvested on the same day from the same field where the same corn hybrid (Suwan 5) was grown. Subsequently, whole-corn plants were fermented with additives. A 2 × 5 Factorial completely randomized design was employed, where factor A represents corn chopped (CON) and corn shredded (SHR), and factor B represents the additives: no additives, molasses + urea (M + U), M + U + Candida tropicalis KKU20, M + U + Pichia kudriavzevii KKU20, and M + U + saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results demonstrated that SHR fermentation with M + U and yeast significantly increased in vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD) and organic matter degradability (IVOMD). Specifically, at 4 h post-incubation, the addition of Crabtree-negative yeast led to a 5.8% increase in total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) compared to the Crabtree-positive yeast group (P < 0.01). The C2 (acetic acid) + C4 (normal butyric acid and isobutyric acid): C3 (propionic acid) ratio showed a significant decrease without additives, but P. kudriavzevii KKU20 led to the highest ratio and methane production (P < 0.01). Based on this study, it could be concluded that SHR harvesting led to higher digestion efficiency in the rumen. The use of M + U + yeast also demonstrated uncertain effects on rumen fermentation efficiency, and the inclusion of P. kudriazevii KKU20 may potentially reduce rumen fermentation efficiency when used with corn silage.
玉米青贮的物理特性可以通过切碎（SHR）得到增强，同时人们对提高其生物学性能的兴趣也在不断增加。本研究旨在评估和比较切碎方法和不同酵母菌株对青贮质量的影响，包括对玉米青贮的体外评价。两种玉米，包括切碎的和切碎的，都是在同一天从同一个玉米杂交品种（Suwan 5）生长的同一个田地里收获的。随后，将整株玉米与添加剂一起发酵。采用 2×5 完全随机设计，因子 A 代表玉米切碎（CON）和玉米切碎（SHR），因子 B 代表添加剂：无添加剂、糖蜜+尿素（M+U）、M+U+Candida tropicalis KKU20、M+U+Pichia kudriavzevii KKU20 和 M+U+ Saccharomyces cerevisiae。结果表明，SHR 发酵与 M+U 和酵母显著提高了体外干物质降解率（IVDMD）和有机物降解率（IVOMD）。具体来说，在 4 小时孵育后，与 Crabtree 阳性酵母组相比，添加 Crabtree 阴性酵母导致总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）增加了 5.8%（P<0.01）。在没有添加剂的情况下，C2（乙酸）+C4（正常丁酸和异丁酸）：C3（丙酸）的比例显著下降，但 P. kudriavzevii KKU20 导致了最高的比例和甲烷产量（P<0.01）。基于这项研究，可以得出结论，SHR 收获导致瘤胃消化效率更高。使用 M+U+酵母也表现出对瘤胃发酵效率的不确定影响，当与玉米青贮一起使用时，添加 P. kudriazevii KKU20 可能会降低瘤胃发酵效率。
