Walker E, Emory E
Child Dev. 1983 Oct;54(5):1269-85.
The results of research on infants at high risk for schizophrenia (offspring of schizophrenic parents) are reviewed. The findings indicate that high-risk infants are not exposed to greater exogenous stress during the prenatal and perinatal periods, although subsequent caregiving provided by disturbed mothers may be nonoptimal. Several findings point to the existence of a constitutionally vulnerable subgroup of high-risk infants. Fetal and neonatal deaths, unrelated to obstetrical complications, may be more common among high-risk offspring, and neuromotor abnormalities are apparent in a subgroup of high-risk subjects across the life span. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that offspring of schizophrenics are uniquely susceptible to obstetrical complications when they occur: Neuromotor deficits and other developmental deviations show a greater relationship with obstetrical complications among high-risk infants than controls. Taken together, the results lend support to the validity of interactional models of the etiology of schizophrenia and suggest that preventive intervention may be a realistic goal.
本文回顾了对精神分裂症高危婴儿（精神分裂症患者的后代）的研究结果。研究结果表明，高危婴儿在产前和围产期并未受到更大的外源性压力，尽管精神错乱的母亲随后提供的照料可能并不理想。多项研究结果表明，高危婴儿中存在一个体质脆弱的亚组。与产科并发症无关的胎儿和新生儿死亡在高危后代中可能更为常见，并且在高危受试者的一个亚组中，神经运动异常在其一生中都很明显。此外，有证据表明，精神分裂症患者的后代在发生产科并发症时具有独特的易感性：与对照组相比，高危婴儿中的神经运动缺陷和其他发育偏差与产科并发症的关系更大。综上所述，这些结果支持了精神分裂症病因的交互作用模型的有效性，并表明预防性干预可能是一个现实的目标。
