Ossowska K, Smiałowska M, Wolfarth S
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983 Aug;19(2):169-76. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(83)90035-7.
The behavioural and histological effects of unilateral or bilateral lesions induced by kainic acid injections into the globus pallidus were investigated in rats. Both lesions provoked a behavioural syndrome similar to those seen in animals treated systemically with neuroleptics or opiates. Animals displayed akinesia, ptosis, catalepsy, hypothermia and muscular rigidity. Also a marked hypersensitivity to touch, and a sensory neglect to touch and pain limited to hindlegs, adipsia, aphagia and high mortality of lesioned rats were observed. These symptoms were much stronger and lasted longer (catalepsy lasted over 15 days) in bilaterally lesioned animals. Subcutaneous injections of apomorphine in bilaterally lesioned rats abolished akinesia and catalepsy while rigidity and ptosis were unaffected. In unilaterally lesioned rats in which the lesion-induced spontaneous catalepsy already disappeared the spiperone-induced catalepsy was suppressed while in bilaterally lesioned animals which showed still pronounced lesion-induced catalepsy the spiperone-induced catalepsy was unchanged when compared to the sham-operated rats. Our results and the literature data suggest that the lesions of the globus pallidus produce biphasic effects: spontaneous catalepsy and unchanged neuroleptic catalepsy in the first phase and suppression of the neuroleptic catalepsy in the second phase. The role of the globus pallidus as a distal link (for neostriatum and n. accumbens) in neuronal chain forming a matrix of central patterns of catalepsy, akinesia and rigidity is discussed.
研究了向大鼠苍白球注射红藻氨酸诱导单侧或双侧损伤所产生的行为和组织学效应。两种损伤均引发了一种行为综合征，类似于用抗精神病药物或阿片类药物全身治疗的动物所出现的综合征。动物表现出运动不能、上睑下垂、僵住症、体温过低和肌肉强直。还观察到对触摸的明显超敏反应，以及仅限于后肢的对触摸和疼痛的感觉忽视、拒饮、拒食和损伤大鼠的高死亡率。在双侧损伤的动物中，这些症状更强烈且持续时间更长（僵住症持续超过15天）。给双侧损伤的大鼠皮下注射阿扑吗啡可消除运动不能和僵住症，而强直和上睑下垂不受影响。在单侧损伤的大鼠中，损伤诱导的自发僵住症已经消失，司哌酮诱导的僵住症受到抑制；而在双侧损伤的动物中，仍表现出明显的损伤诱导的僵住症，与假手术大鼠相比，司哌酮诱导的僵住症没有变化。我们的结果和文献数据表明，苍白球损伤产生双相效应：第一阶段为自发僵住症和抗精神病药物诱导的僵住症不变，第二阶段为抗精神病药物诱导的僵住症受到抑制。讨论了苍白球作为（新纹状体和伏隔核的）远端环节在形成僵住症、运动不能和强直的中枢模式基质的神经元链中的作用。
