Elsbach P, Weiss J
Rev Infect Dis. 1983 Sep-Oct;5(5):843-53. doi: 10.1093/clinids/5.5.843.
In recent years the bactericidal and cytotoxic actions of phagocytes and particularly neutrophils have been attributed mainly to O2-dependent systems that depend on the accumulation of chemically reactive derivatives toxic to the bacteria. This view has been reexamined in the light of new observations on the properties and potency of O2-independent bactericidal proteins that have been purified from neutrophils. These proteins include several enzymes as well as a granule-associated protein that acts specifically against certain gram-negative bacteria. Exposure of susceptible bacteria to this latter protein produces three effects: loss of ability to multiply, a discrete increase in permeability of the outer membrane of the envelope, and activation in the bacterial envelope of degradative enzymes that act on phospholipids and peptidoglycan. It is concluded that effective antimicrobial activity rests on the coexistence of O2-independent bactericidal proteins that are highly specific for certain microbial species and O2-requiring systems that nonspecifically attack all cells.
近年来，吞噬细胞尤其是中性粒细胞的杀菌和细胞毒性作用主要归因于依赖氧的系统，该系统依赖于对细菌有毒的化学反应性衍生物的积累。鉴于从中性粒细胞中纯化出的不依赖氧的杀菌蛋白的特性和效力的新观察结果，这一观点已被重新审视。这些蛋白质包括几种酶以及一种颗粒相关蛋白，该蛋白对某些革兰氏阴性菌具有特异性作用。将易感细菌暴露于后一种蛋白质会产生三种效应：繁殖能力丧失、包膜外膜通透性离散性增加以及细菌包膜中作用于磷脂和肽聚糖的降解酶被激活。得出的结论是，有效的抗菌活性取决于对某些微生物物种具有高度特异性的不依赖氧的杀菌蛋白和非特异性攻击所有细胞的需氧系统的共存。
