O'Sullivan G, Bullingham R E, McQuay H J, Poppleton P, Rolfe M, Weir L, Moore R A
Anaesthesia. 1983 Oct;38(10):977-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1983.tb12029.x.
Buprenorphine premedication by two routes, 0.4 mg sublingual and 0.3 mg intramuscular was compared double-blind, double-dummy with intramuscular morphine 10 mg and placebo in 74 patients undergoing elective total hip replacement. Anxiety, depressive mood, sedation, vital signs and side-effects were measured before surgery. All patients then received a standardised general anaesthetic using a muscle relaxant and ventilation. The effects of the premedication on the anaesthetic were assessed by a scoring system. Intra- and postoperative blood gases, plasma cortisol and glucose were measured and the 1 hour postoperative pain intensity, side-effects and sedation were assessed. No differences between the premedications were seen on any of the pre-, intra- or postoperative measurements, suggesting that even with adequate measurement sensitivity it is difficult to distinguish opiate from placebo premedication.
在74例行择期全髋关节置换术的患者中，采用双盲、双模拟法，比较了两种途径给予丁丙诺啡进行术前用药的效果，即舌下含服0.4mg和肌肉注射0.3mg，同时与肌肉注射10mg吗啡及安慰剂进行对照。在手术前测量患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪、镇静程度、生命体征及副作用。随后所有患者均接受使用肌肉松弛剂和通气的标准化全身麻醉。通过评分系统评估术前用药对麻醉的影响。测量术中及术后的血气、血浆皮质醇和葡萄糖水平，并评估术后1小时的疼痛强度、副作用及镇静程度。在术前、术中和术后的任何测量中，均未发现术前用药之间存在差异，这表明即使测量灵敏度足够，也很难区分阿片类药物与安慰剂术前用药。
