Heit W F
Am J Med. 1983 Nov 14;75(5A):65-9. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(83)90234-6.
Drug-induced agranulocytosis may be type I (involving the drug, antibodies and neutrophils), type II (associated with accumulated drug toxicity in hypersensitive persons), or type III (representing different etiologies induced by immune and toxic mechanisms). The pyrazolones (amidopyrine, dipyrone and butazones), phenothiazine derivatives, antithyroid drugs, and antibiotics are thought to be causative agents in agranulocytosis. The symptoms may involve sudden onset of high fever, sore throat with ulcerative angina, or stomatitis. Diagnosis of agranulocytosis is confirmed by severe granulocytopenia (0-0.5 X 10(9)/l), but bone marrow examination is required to rule out aplastic anemia and cancer. Treatment of drug-induced agranulocytosis involves immediate withdrawal of the incriminated drug. In most patients, granulocyte, reticulocyte, and thrombocyte cell counts overshoot in the regenerative phase of drug-induced agranulocytosis.
药物性粒细胞缺乏症可能为I型（涉及药物、抗体和中性粒细胞）、II型（与过敏体质者体内药物毒性蓄积有关）或III型（代表由免疫和毒性机制引发的不同病因）。吡唑酮类（氨基比林、安乃近和保泰松）、吩噻嗪衍生物、抗甲状腺药物及抗生素被认为是粒细胞缺乏症的致病因素。症状可能包括高热突然发作、伴有溃疡性咽峡炎的咽痛或口腔炎。粒细胞缺乏症的诊断依据严重粒细胞减少（0 - 0.5×10⁹ /l）得以确诊，但需要进行骨髓检查以排除再生障碍性贫血和癌症。药物性粒细胞缺乏症的治疗包括立即停用相关药物。在大多数患者中，药物性粒细胞缺乏症再生期的粒细胞、网织红细胞和血小板计数会超过正常水平。
