Lowy F D, Hammer S M
Ann Intern Med. 1983 Dec;99(6):834-9. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-99-6-834.
Staphylococcus epidermidis, an organism routinely found on the skin and in the hospital environment, has become a primary pathogen in infections associated with prosthetic devices. Because these infections are indolent and often clinically silent, diagnosis and therapy are often difficult. Pathogens are often misidentified as contaminants. Their variable, often resistant antibiotic susceptibility pattern and the uncertain correlation of in-vitro beta-lactam sensitivity testing with therapeutic efficacy make selection of an effective antibiotic regimen difficult. Vancomycin combined with rifampin, gentamicin, or both, is recommended for empiric therapy of these infections. Usually, removal of the prosthetic device is also necessary and may contribute equally to a successful therapeutic outcome.
表皮葡萄球菌是一种在皮肤和医院环境中经常发现的微生物，已成为与假体装置相关感染的主要病原体。由于这些感染进展缓慢且通常在临床上没有症状，诊断和治疗往往很困难。病原体常常被误鉴定为污染物。它们多变且往往具有耐药性的抗生素敏感性模式，以及体外β-内酰胺敏感性试验与治疗效果之间不确定的相关性，使得选择有效的抗生素治疗方案变得困难。推荐使用万古霉素联合利福平、庆大霉素或两者，对这些感染进行经验性治疗。通常，移除假体装置也是必要的，这对治疗成功可能同样有帮助。
