Malaisse W J
Diabete Metab. 1983 Dec;9(4):313-20.
Insulin release evoked by nutrient secretagogues invariably coincides with an increase in the catabolism of exogenous and/or endogenous nutrients in pancreatic islet cells, resulting in an increased generation rate of reducing equivalents and ATP, and an increase in O2 consumption. This situation was documented in response to a number of carbohydrates, including the anomers of D-glucose and D-mannose, various 2-keto acids, including pyruvate and its poorly oxidized phenylated analog 3-phenylpyruvate, and selected amino acids, including the nonmetabolized analog of L-leucine 2-aminobicyclo[2, 2, 1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid. These convergent observations indicate that the B-cell should be considered as a fuel-sensor organ. Further progress in this field requires both the identification of those circulating nutrients used by the B-cell whether in the resting or stimulated state, and a better understanding of the coupling between the generation of second messengers (H+, NAD(P)H, ATP) and more distal events in the secretory sequence, such as the remodelling of ionic fluxes across the plasma membrane and within the pancreatic B-cell.
营养促分泌素诱发的胰岛素释放总是与胰岛细胞中外源和/或内源营养物质分解代谢的增加同时发生，导致还原当量和ATP的生成速率增加，以及耗氧量增加。这种情况已在多种碳水化合物的反应中得到证实，包括D-葡萄糖和D-甘露糖的异头物、各种2-酮酸，如丙酮酸及其氧化程度较低的苯基化类似物3-苯基丙酮酸，以及选定的氨基酸，包括L-亮氨酸的非代谢类似物2-氨基双环[2,2,1]庚烷-2-羧酸。这些一致的观察结果表明，B细胞应被视为一种燃料传感器官。该领域的进一步进展需要识别B细胞在静息或刺激状态下所利用的那些循环营养物质，并更好地理解第二信使（H+、NAD(P)H、ATP）的生成与分泌序列中更下游事件之间的耦合，例如跨质膜和胰腺B细胞内离子通量的重塑。
