Gilbert P, Kettenmann H, Schachner M
J Neurosci. 1984 Feb;4(2):561-9. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.04-02-00561.1984.
gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) depolarizes in a dose-dependent manner approximately one-third of all immunologically identified oligodendrocytes in cultures of mouse spinal cord. Measurements of [K+]o indicate that the response to GABA is not due to K+ released from active neurons. The depolarization is not accompanied by a change in cell input resistance. Replacement of sodium in the bathing solution abolishes the entire response, whereas ouabain only inhibits the repolarization phase. Current clamp experiments with two separate intracellular electrodes show that the depolarization increases at more positive potentials while the repolarization increases at more negative potentials. Bicuculline and picrotoxin but not nipecotic acid reduce the GABA effect. Pentobarbital and chlordiazepoxid also reduce the GABA-induced depolarization. Muscimol produces a depolarization similar to that of GABA. Heterogeneity in the oligodendrocyte population is indicated by the observation that some cells respond to both GABA and glutamate, while others respond only to one and some are not responsive to either.
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）以剂量依赖的方式使小鼠脊髓培养物中约三分之一经免疫鉴定的少突胶质细胞发生去极化。细胞外[K⁺]的测量表明，对GABA的反应并非源于活跃神经元释放的K⁺。这种去极化并不伴随着细胞输入电阻的变化。用无钠的细胞外液替代后，整个反应消失，而哇巴因仅抑制复极化阶段。使用两个独立的细胞内电极进行的电流钳实验表明，去极化在更正电位时增强，而复极化在更负电位时增强。荷包牡丹碱和印防己毒素可减弱GABA的作用，但烟碱酸不能。戊巴比妥和氯氮卓也可减弱GABA诱导的去极化。蝇蕈醇产生的去极化与GABA相似。少突胶质细胞群体的异质性表现为，一些细胞对GABA和谷氨酸都有反应，而另一些细胞只对其中一种有反应，还有一些细胞对两者均无反应。
