Kovacs M, Feinberg T L, Crouse-Novak M A, Paulauskas S L, Finkelstein R
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984 Mar;41(3):229-37. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790140019002.
In the context of a prospective, longitudinal, and controlled nosologic study, the characteristics and diagnostic validity of major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, and adjustment disorder with depressed mood were examined in a school-aged cohort. The entities were distinguishable on several dimensions such as age at onset and pattern of recovery. Time to recovery from onset was most favorable for the adjustment disorders (90% remission rate during nine months) and least so for the dysthymias (89% remission rate during six years). Major depression and dysthymia were similar with respect to the prevalence of concurrent nonaffective disorders. For both, early age at onset predicted a more protracted illness. Treatment contacts, none of which were under the control of the investigators, had no clear impact on recovery from the depressions.
在一项前瞻性、纵向、对照性疾病分类研究中，对一个学龄队列中的重度抑郁症、恶劣心境障碍及伴抑郁情绪的适应障碍的特征和诊断效度进行了检查。这些疾病在几个维度上是可区分的，如发病年龄和恢复模式。从发病到恢复的时间，适应障碍最为有利（九个月内缓解率90%），恶劣心境障碍最不利（六年内缓解率89%）。重度抑郁症和恶劣心境障碍在并发非情感性障碍的患病率方面相似。对于两者而言，发病年龄较小预示疾病持续时间更长。治疗接触（均不在研究者控制之下）对抑郁症恢复没有明显影响。
