La Vecchia C, Franceschi S, Liberati A, Gallus G, Tognoni G
Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1984 Feb;20(2):175-82. doi: 10.1016/0277-5379(84)90181-0.
This paper reviews some clinically relevant aspects of the epidemiology of ovarian cancer. The items presented and discussed are: (1) incidence and mortality data: they show substantial stability in all Western countries over the last few decades; (2) risk factors: the relationships with child-bearing patterns and other reproductive variables (age at menarche and at menopause; oral contraceptives) appear well established but no risk factor is sufficiently strong to be of practical value in prevention or early diagnosis: (3) long-term survival: in spite of the large number of clinical studies that have claimed 'more effective' treatments, no improvement of long-term survival in the population as a whole has been established. Some discrepancies and drawbacks in published trials are discussed, and a different approach towards clinical studies is suggested.
本文综述了卵巢癌流行病学中一些与临床相关的方面。所呈现和讨论的内容包括：（1）发病率和死亡率数据：在过去几十年中，所有西方国家的数据都显示出相当的稳定性；（2）风险因素：与生育模式及其他生殖变量（初潮年龄、绝经年龄、口服避孕药）之间的关系似乎已得到充分证实，但没有一个风险因素强大到足以在预防或早期诊断中具有实际价值；（3）长期生存：尽管大量临床研究宣称采用了“更有效的”治疗方法，但总体人群的长期生存率并未得到改善。文中讨论了已发表试验中的一些差异和缺陷，并提出了一种不同的临床研究方法。
