Garetto L P, Richter E A, Goodman M N, Ruderman N B
Am J Physiol. 1984 Jun;246(6 Pt 1):E471-5. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1984.246.6.E471.
Thirty minutes after a treadmill run, glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis in perfused rat skeletal muscle are enhanced due to an increase in insulin sensitivity (Richter et al., J. Clin. Invest. 69: 785-793, 1982). The exercise used in these studies was of moderate intensity, and muscle glycogen was substantially repleted at the time (30 min postexercise) that glucose metabolism was examined. When rats were run at twice the previous rate (36 m/min), muscle glycogen was still substantially diminished 30 min after the run. At this time the previously noted increase in insulin sensitivity was still observed in perfused muscle; however, glucose utilization was also increased in the absence of added insulin (1.5 vs. 4.2 mumol X g-1 X h-1). In contrast 2.5 h after the run, muscle glycogen had returned to near preexercise values, and only the insulin-induced increase in glucose utilization was evident. The data suggest that the restoration of muscle glycogen after exercise occurs in two phases. In phase I, muscle glycogen is depleted and insulin-stimulated glucose utilization and glucose utilization in the absence of added insulin may both be enhanced. In phase II glycogen levels have returned to near base-line values and only the increase in insulin sensitivity persists. It is proposed that phase I corresponds to the period of rapid glycogen repletion that immediately follows exercise and phase II to the period of supercompensation.
在跑步机上跑步30分钟后，由于胰岛素敏感性增加，灌注大鼠骨骼肌中的葡萄糖利用和糖原合成增强（Richter等人，《临床研究杂志》69: 785 - 793, 1982）。这些研究中使用的运动强度适中，并且在检查葡萄糖代谢时（运动后30分钟）肌肉糖原已大量补充。当大鼠以先前速度的两倍（36米/分钟）跑步时，跑步30分钟后肌肉糖原仍大量减少。此时，在灌注肌肉中仍观察到先前所述的胰岛素敏感性增加；然而，在未添加胰岛素的情况下葡萄糖利用也增加了（1.5对4.2微摩尔×克⁻¹×小时⁻¹）。相比之下，跑步2.5小时后，肌肉糖原已恢复到接近运动前的值，并且仅胰岛素诱导的葡萄糖利用增加明显。数据表明运动后肌肉糖原的恢复分两个阶段发生。在第一阶段，肌肉糖原耗尽，胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖利用以及在未添加胰岛素情况下的葡萄糖利用可能都会增强。在第二阶段，糖原水平已恢复到接近基线值，并且仅胰岛素敏感性增加持续存在。有人提出第一阶段对应于运动后紧接着的快速糖原补充期，第二阶段对应于超量恢复阶段。
