Cooke J P, Olson R M, Maloney T M
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1978 Feb;49(2):365-70.
Effects of using oxygen breathing hoses from 0.9 to 8.2 m (3 to 27 ft) long and mask fit upon mask pressure during 0.75 to 12-s decompressions from 2,438 m (8,000 ft) to either 6,096, 10,668, or 15,240 m (20,000, 35,000 or 50,000 ft) were determined. Peak mask pressures and duration of high mask pressure were related to mask fit, mask and hose stretch compliance, pressure differential, decompression rate, and other factors, with mask pressure increasing with hose length. Peak mask pressures frequently exceeded 80 mm Hg, a high pressure associated with increased incidence of pulmonary damage. Cargo-type aircraft, however, have sufficiently large volumes so that they will not decompress rapidly enough to have high mask pressure, even with an 8.2-m long hose. Long breathing hoses should not be used in smaller aircraft since small cabin volume will result in rapid decompression rates and high mask pressure. Above a flight altitude of 2,438 m, oxygen should always be breathed if hoses longer than 2.9 m (9 ft) are used. This would help prevent hypoxia, associated with the need to deplete air in the hose before oxygen is breathed, should cabin pressure be lost at a high altitude. The fastest decompression rates compatible with preventing mask pressures from exceding 80 mm Hg during decompressions to different altitudes with different length breathing hoses are given.
测定了使用长度从0.9至8.2米（3至27英尺）的输氧软管以及面罩贴合度对从2438米（8000英尺）减压至6096、10668或15240米（20000、35000或50000英尺）过程中0.75至12秒内面罩压力的影响。面罩峰值压力和高面罩压力持续时间与面罩贴合度、面罩和软管的拉伸顺应性、压差、减压速率及其他因素相关，面罩压力随软管长度增加而升高。面罩峰值压力经常超过80毫米汞柱，这是一种与肺部损伤发生率增加相关的高压。然而，货机有足够大的容积，以至于即使使用8.2米长的软管，也不会减压得足够快而产生高面罩压力。小型飞机不应使用长呼吸软管，因为小客舱容积会导致快速减压速率和高面罩压力。在飞行高度超过2438米时，如果使用长度超过2.9米（9英尺）的软管，应始终吸氧。如果在高海拔地区座舱压力丧失，这将有助于防止因在吸氧前需耗尽软管内空气而导致的缺氧。给出了在使用不同长度呼吸软管减压至不同高度时，与防止面罩压力超过80毫米汞柱相兼容的最快减压速率。
