Lucas C L
Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1984;10(4):317-93.
Assessment of the fluid mechanics of the pulmonary circulation has been hindered by the relative inaccessibility of the pulmonary vascular bed. Current understanding is based largely on analyses of mathematical models which have been used to simulate hemodynamic characteristics within an architectural representation of that bed. These representations have ranged from simple, lumped parameter structures to anatomically realistic structures based on measurements of casts of the irregular branching network of pulmonary arteries and veins. Nonlinear models have been studied to determine the effects of vessel taper and within beat geometrical variations as cross-sectional shapes change from circular to elliptical and small vessels undergo recruitment, distention, and collapse as a result of the shifting balance in alveolar, pleural, and capillary pressures. This article reviews current concepts of pulmonary circulatory fluid mechanics focusing on mathematical models and relevant hemodynamic studies.
肺循环流体力学的评估一直受到肺血管床相对难以接近的阻碍。目前的认识主要基于对数学模型的分析，这些模型已被用于在该血管床的结构表示内模拟血流动力学特征。这些表示范围从简单的集总参数结构到基于对肺动脉和肺静脉不规则分支网络铸型测量的解剖学逼真结构。已经研究了非线性模型，以确定血管锥度和心动周期内几何变化的影响，因为横截面形状从圆形变为椭圆形，并且由于肺泡、胸膜和毛细血管压力平衡的变化，小血管会发生募集、扩张和塌陷。本文回顾了肺循环流体力学的当前概念，重点是数学模型和相关的血流动力学研究。
