Kirkpatrick C H
Am J Med. 1984 Oct 30;77(4D):1-12.
The immune system contains multiple components that provide protection against specific groups of microorganisms. The degree of specialization of function is clearly illustrated in patients with immunodeficiency syndromes in whom the nature of the defect determines the sites of the infections and the susceptibility to certain organisms. Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is an especially dramatic illustration of the role of the T-lymphocyte system in defense against opportunistic fungal infections, especially of the skin and mucous membranes. There is considerable heterogeneity of the immune abnormalities in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. The most consistent defects involve subnormal production of lymphokines by T-cells in response to Candida antigens. However, some patients have more global defects and are unresponsive to all antigens and may have reduced responsiveness to mitogens as well. Successful therapy of this infection requires a combination of treatments, including such antifungal drugs as clotrimazole, ketoconazole, or amphotericin B and correction of the underlying immune defect with such agents as transfer factor.
免疫系统包含多种成分，可针对特定微生物群体提供保护。免疫缺陷综合征患者的功能专业化程度得到了清晰体现，在这些患者中，缺陷的性质决定了感染部位以及对某些生物体的易感性。慢性黏膜皮肤念珠菌病尤其生动地说明了T淋巴细胞系统在抵御机会性真菌感染（尤其是皮肤和黏膜感染）中的作用。慢性黏膜皮肤念珠菌病患者的免疫异常存在相当大的异质性。最一致的缺陷是T细胞对念珠菌抗原的反应中淋巴因子产生低于正常水平。然而，一些患者存在更广泛的缺陷，对所有抗原均无反应，对有丝分裂原的反应性也可能降低。成功治疗这种感染需要多种治疗方法相结合，包括使用克霉唑、酮康唑或两性霉素B等抗真菌药物，以及使用转移因子等药物纠正潜在的免疫缺陷。
