Kalia M, Fuxe K, Hökfelt T, Harfstrand A, Lang R E, Ganten D
Brain Res. 1984 Oct 29;321(1):71-82. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(84)90682-6.
The location of neurophysin II immunoreactive nerve fibers and preterminal processes has been examined in various functionally distinct subnuclei of the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (nTS) using the indirect immunofluorescence method for immunocytochemistry combined with cytoarchitectonic identification. The nTS is responsible for integrating respiratory and autonomic reflex activity: the vlnTS, vnTS, ni and nI are associated with respiratory activity; the dlnTS and dnTS are important sites for the integration of baroreceptor and chemoreceptor activity; the ncom, dnTS and dlnTS integrate cardiac afferent activity and the mnTS mediates both cardiovascular and gastrointestinal effects. At levels caudal to the obex, the ncom contained the largest number of neurophysin II immunoreactive nerve fibers and the mnTS and dmnX contained moderate neurophysin II immunoreactivity. At levels rostral to the obex the region of the dorsal medulla adjacent to the mnTS and dnTS (PVR and dPSR) showed the densest immunoreactivity and the mnTS, dmnX and vPSR showed moderate immunoreactivity. At the rostral pole of the nTS, neurophysin II immunoreactive nerve terminals were seen in the dendritic regions of cells in dmnX and mnTS. This selective distribution of neurophysin II immunoreactive nerve terminals in the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal subnuclei of the nTS implicates a direct, descending, hypothalamic, oxytocin-neurophysin II containing pathway interacting with these nTS functions. These results confirm the hypothesis (Sawchenko and Swanson) that descending neurophysin II immunoreactive pathways represent an important neuronal system for the hypothalamic regulation of cardiovascular (vasomotor) and gastrointestinal nuclei in the brainstem.
运用免疫细胞化学间接免疫荧光法并结合细胞构筑学鉴定，已对孤束核（nTS）各功能不同的亚核中神经垂体素II免疫反应性神经纤维和终末前突起的位置进行了研究。孤束核负责整合呼吸和自主反射活动：腹外侧孤束核（vlnTS）、腹侧孤束核（vnTS）、中间内侧亚核（ni）和中间亚核（nI）与呼吸活动相关；背外侧孤束核（dlnTS）和背侧孤束核（dnTS）是压力感受器和化学感受器活动整合的重要部位；中央内侧亚核（ncom）、背侧孤束核（dnTS）和背外侧孤束核（dlnTS）整合心脏传入活动，而内侧孤束核（mnTS）介导心血管和胃肠道效应。在闩尾侧水平，中央内侧亚核含有数量最多的神经垂体素II免疫反应性神经纤维，内侧孤束核和背运动核（dmnX）含有中等程度的神经垂体素II免疫反应性。在闩头侧水平，与内侧孤束核和背侧孤束核相邻的延髓背侧区域（PVR和dPSR）显示出最密集的免疫反应性，内侧孤束核、背运动核和腹侧旁正中网状结构（vPSR）显示出中等程度的免疫反应性。在孤束核的头端，在背运动核和内侧孤束核细胞的树突区域可见神经垂体素II免疫反应性神经终末。神经垂体素II免疫反应性神经终末在孤束核心血管和胃肠道亚核中的这种选择性分布暗示了一条直接的、下行的、含有下丘脑催产素 - 神经垂体素II的通路与这些孤束核功能相互作用。这些结果证实了（索文科和斯旺森提出的）假说，即下行神经垂体素II免疫反应性通路是下丘脑调节脑干中心血管（血管运动）和胃肠道核团的重要神经元系统。
